The X10 protocol is a language transmitted over the existing wiring in ones home.
X10 therefore provides the ability to control lighting, appliances and other electrical components via other platforms than a manual switch.
These include remote control, telephonically, computer software or programmed timers.
The genius of this concept is its simplicity. No extra wiring is necessary and through the use of 3 components, namely:
Transmitters
Receivers
Modules (plug in or hard wired)
Up to 256 individual components or group of components can be made to perform various functions.
These being:
Switch on
Switch off
All lights/units on
All lights/units off
Dim and bright (lights only)
Each component or group of components to be automated is assigned an address.
These addresses are assigned via dials or by remote control, each address consists of a house code (A-P) and a unit code (1-16) giving you 256 individual codes.